ترجیح انتخاب‌نکردن: حفاظ‌بندی قطر در برابر رقابت میان ایالات متحده و چین

مقالات آماده انتشار

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسنده

1 محقق مهمان، گروه مطالعات توسعه، دانشگاه بین‌المللی دافودیل، داکا، بنگلادش

2 مدرسة علوم اجتماعی و مطالعات جهانی، دانشگاه می‌سی‌سی‌پی جنوبی، آمریکا.

چکیده

در این مقاله راهبرد ژئوپلیتیکی قطر در بحبوحة تشدید رقابت میان ایالات متحده و چین تحلیل شده است و به‌دنبال پاسخ به این پرسش بوده‌ایم که آیا دوحه متحد می‌شود، بی‌طرف می‌ماند یا به‌لحاظ راهبردی طفره می‌رود. قطر کشوری کوچک، اما ثروتمند در خلیج‌فارس است و موقعیتی کلیدی دارد: این کشور با میزبانی پایگاه هوایی العدید و جایگاه متحد اصلی غیرناتویی، امنیت ایالات متحده را تقویت می‌کند؛ این در حالی است که هم‌زمان با قراردادهای بلندمدت گاز طبیعی مایع (LNG)، مرادودات اقتصادی خود را با چین عمق بخشیده است. این هم‌سویی‌های دوگانه دریچه‌ای ایدئال را برای سنجش امکان حفاظ‌بندی در رقابت قدرت‌های بزرگ به‌رویمان می‌گشاید. در این مطالعه، واقع‌گرایی، لیبرالیسم و نظریة حفاظ‌بندی این مفاهیم را مشخص می‌کنند: واقع‌گرایی اتکای قطر به ضمانت‌های دفاعی ایالات متحده را برجسته می‌کند؛ لیبرالیسم وابستگی متقابل و نهادها را پررنگ می‌کند؛ نظریة حفاظ‌بندی به‌بهترین نحو، تعامل دوگانة دوحه را ضمانتی در شرایط عدم‌قطعیت بارز می‌کند. در این پژوهش از تحلیل کیفی چندروشی استفاده شده است: با تحلیل محتوا، گزینه‌های سیاستگذاری کدگذاری شده است؛ با پایش فرایند رویدادهای کلیدی بازسازی شده است، ازجمله محاصرة خلیج‌فارس، جنگ اوکراین، معضل نسل پنجم هوای؛ و با تحلیل گفتمان، لفاظی‌های رسمی تفسیر شده است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که قطر عامدانه طفره می‌رود، خودمختاری را پیشه کرده است، اما با تشدید رقابت، خطر بی‌اعتمادی، وابستگی امنیتی نامتقارن و محدودکردن فضا را دنبال می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

حوزة موضوعی: قطر، ایالات متحده، چین

Scope: Qatar, US, China

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مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده
انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 14 مهر 1404

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 07 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 14 مهر 1404
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