مطالعات کشورها

مطالعات کشورها

صدقه و زکات برای خدمات بشردوستانه در غزه از طریق سازوکارهای جایگزین انتقال وجه

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 مرکز حقوق بانکی و مالی، دانشگاه ملی، سنگاپور.
2 دانشکدة تحصیلات تکمیلی و حرفه‌ای، دانشگاه اینسیف (INCEIF)، مالزی، کوالالامپور.
3 بخش حقوق خصوصی و تجاری، دانشکدة حقوق، دانشگاه مالایا، مالزی.
4 گروه حقوق عمومی، دانشگاه ایالت یوبه، داماتورو، نیجریه.
چکیده
غزه با بحران عمیق انسانی مواجه است و غیرنظامیان این منطقه به‌دلیل کمبود دسترسی به نیازهای اولیه همچون غذا، آب، مراقبت‌های بهداشتی و سرپناه در مضیغه هستند. در پژوهش پیش‌رو، چگونگی انتقال صدقه و زکات از طریق شبکة بلاک‌چین برگرفته از سامانة حواله با هدف سازوکاری جایگزین برای تأمین مالی بررسی شده است. ازآنجاکه سامانة حواله خارج از چارچوب نظارتی متعارف فعالیت دارد، نظارت و تنظیم مؤثر بر معاملات آن برای نهادهای ذی‌صلاح توأم با دشواری است؛ ازاین‌رو، حفظ یکپارچگی نظام حواله از طریق شفافیت مبتنی‌بر بلاک‌چین ضرورتی است انکارناپذیر. نظام حواله‌مانندی مبتنی‌بر بلاک‌چین، توزیع وجوه را به‌شکل غیرمتمرکز سامان می‌دهد، وابستگی به واسطه‌های متمرکزی را که ممکن است دچار سوگیری سیاسی باشد کاهش می‌دهد و خطر انحراف یا سوءمدیریت وجوه به‌دست اشخاص ناصالح را به حداقل می‌رساند. در این مطالعه با بهره‌گیری از رویکرد کیفی، مبتنی‌بر مرور جامع پیشینة پژوهشی و بررسی مطالعه‌های موردی، به‌دنبال درک پیچیدگی‌های سازوکارهای جایگزین تأمین مالی مبتنی‌بر حواله در بسترهای بشردوستانه بوده‌ایم که امری مهم به‌شمار می‌رود. پیشنهاد می‌شود بسترهای اهدای مبتنی‌بر بلاک‌چین به برنامه‌های موجود توزیع کمک‌های مبتنی‌بر بلاک‌چین متصل شود. با رویکردهایی نوآورانه، به‌دنبال برقراری پیوند میان نظریه و عمل و بینش‌های کاربردی برای افزایش تلاش‌های بشردوستانه در مناطق جنگی همچون غزه بوده‌ایم؛ همچنین، بر این استدلال استواریم که به‌کارگیری نظام الهام‌گرفته از حواله مبتنی‌بر بلاک‌چین، به‌منظور تشویق عموم به اهدا و حمایت از توزیع کمک‌ها برای قربانیان جنگ در غزه کارا خواهد بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

Scope: Gaza

حوزة موضوعی: غزه

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